如何强制Java文本抗锯齿？

在Kubuntu 14.04中运行Xilinx Vivado FPGA设计工具,它在UI的某些部分使用了抗锯齿字体,这使得它甚至难以使用,更不用说难看了.其他人似乎有相同的issue.

由于它似乎至少部分用Java编写,我尝试了一些谷歌搜索后找到的建议解决方案

export _JAVA_OPTIONS="-Dawt.useSystemAAFontSettings=on -Dswing.aatext=true -Dsun.java2d.xrender=true"

没有任何视觉效果.

下面的一个小测试程序很明显,除非显式设置字体呈现提示(但不是RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING),否则将获得非抗锯齿文本.这在OpenJDK和Oracle JDK中都会发生.

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

// partially taken from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2018102/java-font-rendering                                                     

public class AwtAA extends Panel {

    private final Font font = new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF,Font.BOLD,16);
    private final int line = 24;
    private final int medskip = 16;

    AwtAA() {
    setBackground(SystemColor.control);
    }

    public void paint(Graphics g) {
    Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D)g;
    int py = 0;

    py = paintText(g2d,py,null,null);
    py += medskip;

    py = paintText(g2d,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT);
    py = paintText(g2d,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
    py += medskip;

    py = paintText(g2d,RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT,null);
    py = paintText(g2d,RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT);
    py += medskip;

    py = paintText(g2d,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
    py = paintText(g2d,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
    }

    private int paintText(Graphics2D g2d,int py,Object text,Object aa) {
    Graphics2D dgc = g2d;
    Image img = null;

    String text_aa = "none";
    if (text != null) {
        if (text.equals(RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT)) text_aa = "VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT";
        if (text.equals(RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_OFF)) text_aa = "VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_OFF";
        if (text.equals(RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON)) text_aa = "VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON";
    }

    String value_aa = "none";
    if (aa != null) {
        if (aa.equals(RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT)) value_aa = "VALUE_ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT";
        if (aa.equals(RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_OFF)) value_aa = "VALUE_ANTIALIAS_OFF";
        if (aa.equals(RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON)) value_aa = "VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON";
    }

    char[] txt = ("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ (" + text_aa + "," + value_aa + ")").toCharArray();
    GraphicsConfiguration cfg = getGraphicsConfiguration();
    img = cfg.createCompatibleImage(getWidth(),line);
    dgc = (Graphics2D)img.getGraphics();
    dgc.setColor(getBackground());
    dgc.fillRect(0,getWidth(),line);
    dgc.setColor(g2d.getColor());

    if (text != null) dgc.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING,text);
    if (aa != null) dgc.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,aa);

    dgc.setFont(font);
    dgc.drawChars(txt,txt. length,10,line-5);
    g2d.drawImage(img,null);
    dgc.dispose();
    img.flush();

    return py + line;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    Frame wnd = new Frame("AWT Antialiased Text Sample");

    wnd.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    wnd.add(new AwtAA());
    wnd.setSize(new Dimension(850,330));
    wnd.setVisible(true);
    }
}

所以问题是我如何更改默认值(无提示设置或设置为VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT)以在字体渲染中使用抗锯齿？

由于我可以找到的所有答案都设置了上面的几个属性,我开始查看源代码……并在类SunGraphics2D构造函数中对openjdk-7进行了一些粗略的“修复”：

apt-get source openjdk-7-jre
cd openjdk-7-7u55-2.4.7
tar zxf jdk.tar.gz

cd jdk-9448fff93286/src/share/classes/sun/java2d
patch -p1 <<"__EOF__"
--- a/SunGraphics2D.java    2014-06-29 23:39:34.183177958 +0300
+++ b/SunGraphics2D.java    2014-06-29 23:39:18.675177667 +0300
@@ -244,7 +244,10 @@

         renderHint = SunHints.INTVAL_RENDER_DEFAULT;
         antialiasHint = SunHints.INTVAL_ANTIALIAS_OFF;
-        textAntialiasHint = SunHints.INTVAL_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT;
+        textAntialiasHint = SunHints.INTVAL_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON;
         fractionalMetricsHint = SunHints.INTVAL_FRACTIONALMETRICS_OFF;
         lcdTextContrast = lcdTextContrastDefaultValue;
         interpolationHint = -1;
__EOF__
javac SunGraphics2D.java
cd ../..
jar cvf /tmp/rt.jar sun/java2d/SunGraphics2D.class

然后把它作为

java -Xbootclasspath/p:/tmp/rt.jar AwtAA

这为测试程序以及Vivado工具提供了诀窍(除了Vidado以某种方式以不同方式启动并且似乎不尊重-Xbootclasspath,所以我真的不得不更新系统rt.jar中的SunGraphics2D类).这似乎适用于OpenJDK和Oracle.

最后一个问题……除了猴子修补系统罐之外,还有其他一些强制抗锯齿文本作为默认值的方法吗？

我不知道是否有更好的方法来强制抗锯齿文本而不是修补jar,但是在启动Vivado之前可以使用以下内容使其使用修补的rt.jar而不替换主系统：

export _JAVA_OPTIONS="-Xbootclasspath/p: